Constitution
With the end of the Soviet Union, the desire for independence of the country also grew among the Tukastan population. These efforts were reinforced above all by the less liberal Soviet policy in the late Brezhnev era, which granted the Russian minority and in particular members of the Communist Party numerous privileges over the broad Tukastan population. Individual protests against Russian oppression were violently suppressed by the police and military.
With Michael Gorbachev’s inauguration these repressions diminished as a result of glasnost and a little organized independence movement formed from individual local groups. After the failed coup against Gorbachev in August 1991, independence came as a bit of a surprise for Tukastan, because within a few days most Central Asian Soviet republics declared themselves independent and Tukastan followed, although the economic situation actually spoke against a detachment from the Soviet Union. Tukastan’s independence was declared by Gregory Kumanin, the first secretary of the Communist Party in Tukastan. In the subsequent first free elections in Tukastan in November 1991, Kumanin was elected the first president of Tukastan. Furthermore, Kumanin was not accepted by the population because of his Russian origin and his previous activities in the Communist Party.
The Great Revolution
General Al-Hullain and the Great Revolution.
The conflicts since Tukastan’s independence had led to a further economic worsening of the country, especially as international demand for garlic and other agricultural products had declined. The existing oil and gas production facilities were still from Soviet times and had been severely damaged or destroyed during the civil war, so that no significant production or further processing was possible. In addition, shortly after the 1997 elections, the dissatisfaction of the population grew again, as the newly elected president, despite the democratic constitution for Tukastan drawn up with the help of the United Nations, had installed several relatives in important key positions in individual ministries. Furthermore, due to the precarious financial situation of the state budget, the salaries of state officials and the salaries of soldiers of the newly created Tukastan armed forces were mostly paid irregularly and not always in full.
In July 1999, discontent with the situation led to the revolt of an elite military unit of the Tukastan army stationed in Claustan, which had not received any pay for several months. This revolt was led by the commander of the elite unit, Brigadier General Muhammad Al-Hullain, an experienced military leader who had successfully fought with great tactical skill in numerous battles against superior Russian units during the civil war and therefore enjoyed high recognition within the Tukastan armed forces. This recognition led to other army units, especially units of the Tukastan land forces, joining General Al-Hullain to occupy the ministries and state radio stations in Claustan, as well as individual provincial administrations. President Sajid Ibn Abdullohi Gaid was forced by the soldiers to declare his resignation in a televised speech on national television and went into exile in Darzabad.
Recent elections
President Al-Hullain won the 2008 and 2013 elections with over 95% of the votes submitted.
Long live the revolution. Long live the President!